什么是軟包電池？軟包電池有哪些優(yōu)勢？
來源：寶鄂實(shí)業(yè)
2019-06-20 09:15
點(diǎn)擊量：次
ソフトパック電池とは、円柱と四角形の2種類の硬殻電池に比べて內(nèi)部構(gòu)成（正極、負(fù)極、ダイヤフラム、電解液）と四角形、円筒狀のリチウム電池の違いが大きくなく、最大の違いはソフトパック電池がアルミ複合膜を外殻として採用し、四角形と円柱電池は金屬材料を外郭として採用することである。
通常、ソフトパック電池は主に以下のいくつかの利點(diǎn)があります。
1、安全性が良い：ソフトパック電池は構(gòu)造的にアルミニウムのプラスチック膜で包裝され、熱管理が暴走したり、穿刺されたりした時、そのソフトパックは電気芯に緩衝空間を提供し、膨れたり変形して、最終的には発火したり煙しますが、爆発することはありません。
2、品質(zhì)が軽い、エネルギー密度が高い：ソフトパック電池の重さは同じ容量のスチールシェル電池の40%より軽く、アルミニウムシェル電池の20%より軽いので、通常より高いエネルギー密度を持っていますが、現(xiàn)在國內(nèi)で300 Wh/kgのエネルギー密度が高い電池企業(yè)を突破しました。
3、電気化學(xué)の性能が良好で、壽命が長い：ソフトパック電池の內(nèi)部抵抗が小さいので、電池の自己消費(fèi)電力を大幅に低減できます。
同様に、ソフトパック電池にも不足があります。つまり、製品の一貫性が低く、コストが高く、液漏れと膨脹ガスが発生しやすく、グループ化の過程で追加のケースが必要です。
ソフトパック電池の市場現(xiàn)狀
円筒形の電池と四角形の電池に比べて、ソフトパックの電池は現(xiàn)在市場での応用はまだ発展段階にあり、市の占有率は硬殻電池とはまだ一定の差があります。今年1～4月の統(tǒng)計を見ると、ソフトパック電池の搭載量は動力電池の8.92%を占めていますが、今年の前の4ヶ月の搭載量は1580.87 MWhに達(dá)し、同106.09%増となり、伸び率は飛躍的で、動力電池の中で最も強(qiáng)力な新生力です。
4月までに、國內(nèi)でソフトパック電池の生産を?qū)g現(xiàn)している動力電池工場は21社あります。その中には、EV、多フッ多、捷威動力、カ耐新エネルギーが取り付け量の上位4位を占めています。全部で100 MWhを超えています。自動車本體工場では、現(xiàn)在、ソフトパックの電池を使っているメーカーは大衆(zhòng)、世代ラム、日産、GM、フォード、現(xiàn)代、前途などが含まれています。中國のメーカーとしては、現(xiàn)在唯一のソフトパック電池を使用しています。
Comparing with cylindrical and square hard-shell batteries, soft-packed batteries have little difference in internal composition (positive, negative, diaphragm, electrolyte) from square and cylindrical lithium batteries. The biggest difference is that soft-packed batteries use aluminium-plastic composite film as the shell, while square and cylindrical batteries use metal materials as the shell.
Generally speaking, soft pack batteries have the following advantages:
1. Good safety: The soft-packed batteries are packed with aluminium-plastic film in structure. When thermal management runs out of control or puncture occurs, the soft-packed batteries will provide buffer space for the batteries. The soft-packed batteries will bulge and deform, eventually ignite or smoke, but will not explode.
2. Light weight and high energy density: Soft-packed batteries are 40% lighter than steel-shell batteries of the same capacity and 20% lighter than aluminium-shell batteries, so they usually have higher energy density. At present, most batteries that break through the 300 Wh/kg energy density in China are soft-packed batteries.
3. Good electrochemical performance and long life: the inner resistance of soft-packed battery is small, which can greatly reduce the battery's power consumption; furthermore, the cycle life of soft-packed battery is longer.
Similarly, the soft-pack batteries also have some shortcomings, such as poor product consistency, high cost, prone to leakage and gas expansion, and need additional shells in the process of grouping, and high complexity of PACK process.
Market Status of Soft Pack Batteries
Compared with cylindrical batteries and square batteries, the application of soft pack batteries in the market is still in the developing stage, and there is still a certain gap between market share and hard shell batteries. According to the statistics from January to April this year, the installed capacity of soft-pack batteries accounts for 8.92% of the power batteries, but the installed capacity in the first four months of this year reached 1580.87MWh, up 106.09% from the same period last year. The rapid growth rate is the strongest new force in the power batteries.
通常而言，軟包電池主要具備以下幾個優(yōu)勢：
1、安全性好：軟包電池在結(jié)構(gòu)上采用鋁塑膜包裝，在發(fā)生熱管理失控或穿刺時，其軟包會為電芯提供緩沖空間，發(fā)生鼓脹形變，最終會著火或冒煙，但不會發(fā)生爆炸。
2、質(zhì)量輕、能量密度高：軟包電池重量較同等容量的鋼殼電池輕40%，較鋁殼電池輕20%，因此通常具有較高的能量密度，而目前國內(nèi)突破300Wh/kg能量密度大關(guān)的電池企業(yè)，絕大部分采取的都是軟包電池。
3、電化學(xué)性能良好、壽命長：軟包電池的內(nèi)阻較小，可以極大的降低電池的自耗電;此外軟包電池的循環(huán)壽命更長。
同樣，軟包電池也存在著不足之處，那就是產(chǎn)品一致性較差，成本較高，容易發(fā)生漏液和脹氣，且在成組過程中需要額外的殼體，PACK工藝復(fù)雜程度高。
軟包電池的市場現(xiàn)狀
相比圓柱電池和方形電池，軟包電池目前在市場上的應(yīng)用還處于發(fā)展階段，市占率與硬殼電池還有一定的差距。從今年1-4月的統(tǒng)計來看，軟包電池的裝機(jī)量占動力電池的8.92%，但今年前四個月的裝機(jī)量達(dá)到1580.87MWh，同比增長了106.09%，增長速度迅猛，是動力電池中最為強(qiáng)勁的一股新生力量。
截止到4月，國內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)軟包電池裝機(jī)的動力電池廠共有21家，其中孚能科技、多氟多、捷威動力、卡耐新能源占據(jù)裝機(jī)量的前四名，均超過了100MWh，而在汽車主機(jī)廠方面，目前使用軟包動力電池的廠商包括了大眾、代勒姆、日產(chǎn)、通用、福特、現(xiàn)代、前途等，在這其中前途作為目前唯一使用軟包電池的中國主機(jī)廠頗為突出。Comparing with cylindrical and square hard-shell batteries, soft-packed batteries have little difference in internal composition (positive, negative, diaphragm, electrolyte) from square and cylindrical lithium batteries. The biggest difference is that soft-packed batteries use aluminium-plastic composite film as the shell, while square and cylindrical batteries use metal materials as the shell.
Generally speaking, soft pack batteries have the following advantages:
1. Good safety: The soft-packed batteries are packed with aluminium-plastic film in structure. When thermal management runs out of control or puncture occurs, the soft-packed batteries will provide buffer space for the batteries. The soft-packed batteries will bulge and deform, eventually ignite or smoke, but will not explode.
2. Light weight and high energy density: Soft-packed batteries are 40% lighter than steel-shell batteries of the same capacity and 20% lighter than aluminium-shell batteries, so they usually have higher energy density. At present, most batteries that break through the 300 Wh/kg energy density in China are soft-packed batteries.
3. Good electrochemical performance and long life: the inner resistance of soft-packed battery is small, which can greatly reduce the battery's power consumption; furthermore, the cycle life of soft-packed battery is longer.
Similarly, the soft-pack batteries also have some shortcomings, such as poor product consistency, high cost, prone to leakage and gas expansion, and need additional shells in the process of grouping, and high complexity of PACK process.
Market Status of Soft Pack Batteries
Compared with cylindrical batteries and square batteries, the application of soft pack batteries in the market is still in the developing stage, and there is still a certain gap between market share and hard shell batteries. According to the statistics from January to April this year, the installed capacity of soft-pack batteries accounts for 8.92% of the power batteries, but the installed capacity in the first four months of this year reached 1580.87MWh, up 106.09% from the same period last year. The rapid growth rate is the strongest new force in the power batteries.
As of April, there are 21 power battery factories in China which have realized the installation of soft-packed batteries. Among them, Funeng Technology, Dofdo, Jetway Power and Carnegie New Energy account for the top four in the installed capacity, all exceeding 100MWh. In terms of automotive main engine factories, the manufacturers currently using soft-packed power batteries include Volkswagen, Daim, Nissan, General Motors, Ford, Hyundai and the future. As the only mainframe factory using soft-pack batteries in China, the mid-future is quite outstanding.
